Earliest Ancestor: Anders Svensson Lindblad

 This week's prompt is "Earliest Ancestor." Our earliest Swedish ancestor is Anders "Andrew" Svensson Lindblad. 

Anders was born April 29, 1836 in Slatthog, Kronoberg, Sweden. He was the third child and second son of Sven Andersson Fahna and Kajsa Catharina Jonasdotter. He was older brother to Ingrid Svensdotter Fahna, and uncle to George Henrickson.

Anders married Britta Amandsdotter on May 14, 1859. Anders and his new wife moved in with his parents and lived with them for the first few years. Anders joined the Swedish Army, like his father had, and soon had his own soldier's cottage to move into. Upon joining the Army he took a soldiers last name, He chose "Lindblad." "Lind" means "lime tree" and "blad" means "leaf." So, "Lindblad" has a connection to nature and trees. 

Anders and Britta had 4 sons between 1860 and 1867. Their youngest son, Aron, was born in 1867 and passed away in 1868. Cause of death was a stroke of some kind. Sweden was undergoing a famine between the years 1867-1869. 1867 had been unusually cold, and 1868 was a drought year. People and animals were starving all over Sweden. Undoubtedly the famine played a part in Anders and Britta's decision to leave for America.

On May 14, 1869 Anders, Britta, and their 3 remaining sons left for New York. Apparently, they had originally intended to go to Denver, Colorado, but ended up in LaPorte, Indiana. After arriving in LaPorte, Anders, who now went by "Andrew" took up farming. Andrew and Britta had a daughter who was born and died on the same day, February 10, 1873. The next year, July 31, 1874, Stina Marie would be born. Their second daughter, and youngest child. Andrew and Britta would suffer one more death of a child. Carl, their youngest son, would die in 1876. Reportedly Carl drowned in a lake. He was only 12 years old.

Andew and Britta joined the Bethany Lutheran Church, and sometime before 1880 Britta's mother, Mary, came from Sweden to live with the family. 

The 1900 Federal U.S. Census tells us how the family was doing after being in the States for 30 years. Andrew and son, George, had both obtained papers to become citizens but hadn't been naturalized yet. Interestingly, Britta had no papers. Why? As a married woman, she would obtain citizenship when her husband did. When he became naturalized, she would automatically become naturalized too. Andrew owned his farm, but it did have a mortgage. He could read, write, and speak English. Britta could read and speak English but was unable to write in English. Son George lived with his parents and helped his father work the farm. Daughter Stina lived at home and worked as a Servant. She would later move out when she married. 

While Andrew and Britta came to America in 1869, it would be until 1880 when the next family member of Andrew's came to America. That would be his nephew, Sven Fahnstrom, his brother Jonas's son. Starting in the 1880's the sons of Jonas Fahnstrom started coming to America. Our grandfather, George Henrickson, would come in 1892. Jonas and his wife and three youngest children came in 1893 and sister, Ingrid came in 1912. Some might call it chain migration, but our Henrickson family started in America with Anders "Andrew" and Britta Svensson Lindblad. Their pioneering spirit helped bring other relatives to America, including George Henrickson. His ticket to America was paid for by someone in America. The most likely candidate being his Uncle Anders. 

Andrew died June 27,1907, at home in LaPorte. He was 71. Britta passed away on April 12, 1923. She was 85 years old. The 1920 census says that Britta could now read and write English. It also lists her as a naturalized citizen. She also owns the farm, with no mortgage. Her son George lives with her and works the farm.

Oldest son Sven, who went by "Swan" in America, married and had 10 children. Youngest child Stina married and had 2 children of her own. 

Questions, comments, more information? Let me know in the comments down below or email me. Feel free to share and post with others who may be interested.

Travel

 This week's prompt is "Travel." I thought I would write about what it was like to travel to America during the 1800's. 

Prior to around 1860, our ancestors would have sailed to America on a ship with sails. It would have taken around 4-6 weeks to arrive. They would have been in steerage, which meant they were crammed in with everyone else and had little to no privacy. Cholera and Typhoid were common, not to mention sea sickness. Food and hygiene were bad. It was not a pleasant experience at all. This changed somewhat with the introduction of steam powered ships. Steamships could make the journey across the Atlantic in 2-3 weeks. The living conditions were also a bit better. The first ancestors to come to America on a steamship were Carl and Ulrika Anderson.

Carl and Ulrika left Goteborg, Sweden on a Friday afternoon and arrived in Hull, England on a Sunday afternoon. This was traditionally how sailings went. Leave on a Friday and arrive on Sunday. The journey took around 40-50 hours. They would have needed to be in Goteborg a week before sailing to meet with the ticket agent from the company and go through all the paperwork. They would have needed paperwork from their parish saying where they were leaving from, and where they were heading to.  Hull was the major port for arrivals of emigrants traveling to America from northern Europe. After arriving in Hull Carl and Ulrika would have stayed onboard their ship until the train was ready to take them to Liverpool. The train usually left on Monday morning around 11 am and arrived in Liverpool around 3 pm. There were no bathroom facilities onboard the train. At least not for 3rd class passengers. In Liverpool they would stay until they could board the ship taking them to America. I'm not sure how long they would have stayed in Liverpool. 

Traveling 3rd class, or "Steerage", was not easy. Passengers would be provided with a place to sleep and food. Passengers had to provide their own mattress and bedding. Also, their own plate, mug, knife, fork, spoon, and water can. They were also advised to make sure they had a good selection of clothes as clothes were more expensive in America. All of these items could be found in Liverpool for sale. Gunpowder was prohibited. Weapons needed to be left with the captain and crew for safe keeping. Valuables were also supposed to be left with the captain or ship's purser.

Food was served by the crew. It probably sounds better than it actually was. Passengers would be served tea and coffee, bread and gruel, soup, beef, pork, fish and potatoes. They were allowed 10-20 cubic feet for luggage. 

Passengers were also separated by families, single men, single women. The single men and women would be separated with families in-between them. 

After arriving in New York, 1st and 2nd class passengers were allowed to leave the ship. They were seen as more trustworthy. Steerage passengers had to remain on ship until it was time for inspection. They would be given a 6 second once over by a doctor, asked a few questions, and as long as they weren't sick or proclaimed themself an anarchist, they were allowed entry. Anyone could buy a ticket and sail to America to start over. 

Carl and Wilhemina Strandt sailed to America in late 1871. They sailed from Hamburg. By the time they arrived in Hull, Hull had built a large waiting room at the train station for the emigrants waiting for the Liverpool train. The waiting room had bathroom facilities, a place to wash up, and a chance to meet with the ticket agents. It was also shelter from the weather. Their passage to America would have been similar to Carl and Ulrika's passage. Crowded conditions in steerage, basic food, and they would have needed to pack their own bedding and cutlery. 

When Sven G. H. Johansson "George Henrickson" came to America in 1892, things had improved somewhat. He traveled on the Thingvalla line. His ticket had been bought in America by one of his uncles. The ships in this line were owned and operated by Scandinavians. The crew were all Scandinavian. They promised a quick, low-cost journey to America. The below is taken from the site A Thingvalla Line promotional pamphlet 1887

Is divided into different departments for families, for unmarried males and for unmarried females. Order and cleanliness is provided by crew specially employed for the task. The food is fresh and rich, made of first class food supplies. It is handed out in such rich portions, so it should not be necessary for the passengers to bring any additional food supplies for the voyage to New York The food is served to the passengers by stewards, thus on other steamship lines the passengers usually have to pick up their food at the galley, which of course will be unpleasant in bad weather.

The meals consist of:
Breakfast: Coffee with sugar, bread or biscuits with butter
Dinner: Beef and soup with potatoes and bread. Fish, clipfish with souse and fruit soup, Lobescauce? and Rice soup, varying through the week days.
Evening: Tea with sugar, bread and butter

Everyone gets as much to eat as desired. To the male passengers who desires, it is served every morning one dram of liquor. There are also rich supplies of water. There are bakeries on the ships, where fresh bread is baked every day. The between deck (steerage) is high, light and spacey, and is heated in the cold part of the year. Mothers of infants will receive milk or vrilfood free of charge.

George would have arrived at Ellis Island, where once again as a passenger in steerage, he would have had to wait to pass customs and inspection before being admitted into the country. It normally took around 5 hours.

A couple of final things about Thingvalla lines, they gave out tokens for luggage. When you arrived at your final destination, you exchanged your token for your luggage. Much like a luggage tag on checked suitcases today. Also, they were the only line that promised a direct route to America from Scandinavia. George sailed from Malmo, Sweden to Lubeck, Germany. Then, took the train to Copenhagen and sailed direct to America from Denmark, completely bypassing England.

Ingrid Fahna, George's mother, came to America in 1912. She was able to sail on the Lusitania. She sailed 3rd class, but by that time things had improved immeasurably for 3rd class passengers. She didn't have to supply anything and had much better sleeping and eating conditions. Her ship also sailed the fastest. She crossed the Atlantic in 10 days, whereas others took an average of 2 weeks.

Researching these companies, they reminded me of airlines today. Steerage is now Economy. 2nd Class is Business, and First Class is still First Class. Thingvalla would be the low-cost Spirit or Frontier airlines of today. They all promised to get you to America. The only difference is how much you were willing to pay. 

Another thing, many of these companies crammed as many passengers as they could onto their ships. There were complaints about the food, conditions and safety of many of these ships bringing emigrants to America. While researching I found an undercover report that the American government did on a ship. They sent a woman investigator undercover in the late 1800's to see what the conditions were like. She found poor food, poor sanitary conditions, instances of sexual harassment and emigrants being treated more like cattle than human beings. The governments of the United States, England, and others would put regulations and restrictions on the companies. As the undercover report showed though, they weren't always followed. 

These are the websites I used to write this blog.

Journey In Steerage from Northern Europe - 1871 | GG Archives

Emigrant_Imigrant.pub

A Thingvalla Line promotional pamphlet 1887

Migration from Northern Europe to America via the Port of Hull, 1848-1914

Questions, comments, additional information? Let me know down below or email me. Please feel free to share and post with others who may be interested.

Image of Hekla steamship that George Henrickson sailed on to America from Copenhagen, Denmark. 

Family Business

  The prompt for this week is "Family Business." There are two occupations that come up over and over again in the family tree: farming and teaching.

People have been farming for the past 12,000 years. When society transitioned from a hunter-gatherer society to staying put, cultivating crops and domesticating animals. Our ancestors have been farming since.

While Carl and Ulrika Anderson met while Carl was working at a railroad station in Stockholm, Sweden, after marrying they moved to a farm in the country. Unfortunately, after nearly 2 years of famine they moved to America. Once again, Carl worked for the railroads first, before saving up enough money to buy a farm in Michigan. After he passed away, his farm was inherited by his daughter and her husband. George Henrickson had attended college and worked as a Lutheran minister before giving it up to come work on the farm. When he passed away, his son Raymond took over the family farm. While he also had a full-time job in the paper mill, he still kept cows and raised crops. The land is still in the family and farmed today by Ray's sons and grandsons.

Carl Strand also tried different jobs over the years, including his own successful business at one point. However, during the Great Depression he came back to the family farm and stayed there the rest of his days. His father had tried farming off and on and was never very successful at it. Carl was a much better farmer than his father, much to his father's chagrin, and was able to keep the farm in the family. 

Ray Henrickson and brother with plough horses.

Carl Strand's plough horses.

The Pulsipher and Brownell families farmed in America going back to before America was a country. Farming is also strong in the Bellinger and Truman families. William Mabbs had a successful soap manufacturing business in England before moving to New York City. After a bank failure cost him his fortune, he moved to Michigan and became a farmer.

Women have not had a lot of job options open to them over the years. They were expected to stay home and keep house and raise children. If you lived on a farm, then you also helped your husband with farm chores. The only time a woman could really work outside the home, was before she was married, which several of our ancestors did. 

George Henrickson's aunt, Sara Lena Fahna, was single all her life and worked as a schoolteacher. She was known for being a good teacher who kept a disciplined classroom.

Elnora Truman, Mildred Strand's mother, taught school before marrying Charles Bellinger. Mildred Strand taught school before marrying Carl Strand. Carl Strand's mother, Mary Pulsipher, taught school before marrying William Strand. When Mary was older and her children had all left home, she taught school again. Her daughter Eva also taught school. And Eva's daughter Ruth also taught school. Several of Mildred's grandchildren and great grandchildren have also taught in varying degrees and capacities. 

I feel very proud to come from such a long line of farmers and teachers. I can't think of two more nobler vocations. (If only they paid more ;)

Questions, comments, or want to add more information? Post them below or email me. Thank you for reading!

Artistic: Henrickson and Strands

This week's prompt is "Artistic." That immediately made me think of something Mildred Strand wrote in a letter to my mother back in February 1981. She mentioned how proud she was of the drawing talent of her grandchildren, especially Ilene, Marvin, Esther and Venon.

On the Henrickson side, there is more artistic talent. Music seems to run in the family. In this article from the local paper, it mentions the local Swedish community celebrating Midsummer in June. The entertainment included songs sung by one George Henrickson, among others. George, and his wife, Malvina, were both organists at the local church. This ability to play was passed on to my grandfather, Raymond Henrickson. My mom recalled being somewhere once and suddenly seeing her dad go over to the piano and start to play a tune. She never even knew he could play!

Artistic talent also exists on the Strand(t) side of the family too. Carl Strand's 1st cousin, George Strandt, who lived in Chicago, became an organist and played around the country. It was exciting when the Show Business cousin would come visit the country relatives in Allegan.  

George was not the only Strandt with musical talent. His oldest son became quite well-known playing jazz organ. 

There are more examples of musical talent on this branch of the Strandt family too. They seemed to get all the musical genes. :)

These are the examples of artistic talent that came immediately to mind. If you have more examples, please share them below. While I, sadly, do not have any artistic talent, I can appreciate it in others. :)

 

Oldest Story: The Bellinger family

 This week's prompt is "oldest story." The oldest story I could think of was of the history of the Bellinger family in America. Mildred Bellinger Strand wrote down her family history. She wrote of how when she was 16, she asked her grandfather, David Bellinger, about his family and the Bellingers. She wrote down what he told her. Mainly, that the original Bellinger came to America around the time of the American Revolution and was one of three brothers. They all separated and never saw each other again. She also listed David's father and mother and his aunts and uncles. I used this information when I started building my family tree. Mildred was very accurate with names and places. My research seems to indicate that the first Bellinger came over in the early 1700's. The family was part of the Palatine Germans invited to the American colonies by Queen Anne. There were Bellinger brothers and fathers and sons. The Bellinger name is all over the Hudson and Mohawk Valley area.

Our particular Bellinger is Oliver. Mildred did a great job in listing Oliver's brothers and sisters. She wrote that while Oliver moved his family to Michigan, the rest of his family stayed in Ohio. This is only partially true.

While I was filling out the Bellinger branch of the tree, I noted how Oliver Bellinger had married Margaret "Almyra" Jones in Cuyahoga, Ohio. The Bellingers had moved there from New York. The Jones family had moved there from New York, and before that had lived in Massachusetts. Oliver then moved his family to Michigan and ended up in Allegan. After filling out Oliver's branch of the Bellinger tree I decided to see what happened to his brothers and sisters. This is where the story gets interesting.

I started with Oliver's older sister, Parmelia. She married a man named William Jones in Ohio, and then moved to Michigan also. Next, his older brother Adam married a Lydia Jones in Ohio. They, too, moved to Michigan. Then, his sister Laura married Jefferson Jones in Ohio. They, too, came to Michigan. I began to see a pattern.

First, yes, Oliver had other brothers and sisters come to Michigan. That wasn't a surprise. What really surprised me was the recurrance of the last name "Jones." Jones is a popular name, but what are the odds that 4 brothers and sisters would all marry people with the last name of "Jones"? I did some more research and it turns out that William, Lydia, Jefferson and Almyria were all brothers and sisters too. 4 brothers and sisters of one family married 4 brothers and sisters of another family. Cuyahoga, Ohio must've been one small area in the 1820's and 1830's. :)

I looked into the Jones family and the parents were William Jones and Chloe Sprague. Both parents came from Massachusetts and go back pretty far. At least to the early 1700's. In the Plymouth, Mass area. The Sprague line goes back to Ireland. I haven't researched the Jones line all the way back yet, but I would expect it to go back to England. This family definitely needs some further research. They must've been close neighbors or friends. Especially for 4 siblings from each family to marry each other. Unfortunately records from Cuyahoga in the 1830's are hard to come by.

There is one further twist to this story. While filling in the information for the children of these unions, all first cousins to our David Bellinger, I found something interesting, and weird. Parmelia and William had a daughter named Adline. When she was a widow at the age of 63 she remarried. She married a man named Philip Bellinger. THAT'S interesting I thought. She happened to meet a man with the same last name as her mother's family. Well, turns out Philip Bellinger was the son of Adam Bellinger and his wife Lydia Jones. Philip and Adline were double first cousins. All 4 of their parents were brothers and sisters. Genetically, they were about as close as half siblings. Adline was 63 and Philip was 66. This was in 1903, Mount Pleasant, Michigan. When the marriage application was filled out, Philip's parents were correctly listed. Adline's mother was listed as "unknown" and her father was listed as William Sprague, instead of William Jones. "Sprague" was her grandmother's maternal name. It looks like they were trying to hide their relationship. Maybe not. I would definitely love to have more information on this relationship. They both had children from their first marriages. I haven't researched them. I guess the Bellingers are just like the royal families of Europe. :)

Marriage application of Philip Bellinger and Adline Jones Hicks.

March Notables

 March has been a month filled with lots of activities. Lets get down to birthdays, anniversaries, and deaths in the month of March.

Birthdays:

March 2:

 1840, Joseph Bellegraph, my 3x great grandfather on my paternal side, born in Pomerania, Poland.

1873, Elnora Truman, my maternal 2x great grandmother. Born in Michigan.

March 10:

1883. Selma Anderson, my maternal great grandaunt. Born in Michigan.

1901. Carl Strand, my maternal great grandfather. Born in Michigan.

1921. Victor Henrickson, my maternal granduncle. Born in Michigan.

 Ilene Henrickson, my mother. Born in Michigan.

March 14:

 Paul Henrickson, my maternal uncle. Born in Michigan.

March 19:

1913. Catherine Ashley, my paternal grandaunt. Born in Michigan.

March 22:

1916. Carl Thompson, my paternal granduncle. Born in Michigan.

March 23:

1856. Eva Brownell, my maternal 3x great grandmother. Born in Michigan.

March 24:

1912. L. F. Thompson, my paternal grandfather. Born in Michigan.

March 27:

1834. Carl F. T. Strandt, my maternal 3x great grandfather. Born in Mecklinberg, Prussia, Germany.

1873. Charles Bellinger, my maternal 2x great grandfather. Born in Michigan.

March 28:

1862. Joannes "John" Knach Conors, my paternal 3x great grandfather. Born in Pomerania. Poland.

March 31:

1916. Esther M. Henrickson, my maternal grandaunt. Born in Michigan.

Anniversaries:

March 26, 1874. Albert Pulsipher and Eva Brownell.

Deaths:

March 9:

1965, Sidney Henrickson. Maternal granduncle.

March 12:

1989, Eulalia Henrickson. Maternal grandaunt.

March 21:

1951, Evald Henrickson. Maternal granduncle.

March 10 definitely stands out with 4 birthdays on it. Out of the 31 days of March, there are birthdays, anniversaries and deaths on 14 of them. 

Did I miss anyone? Let me know.

Carl Strand, upper left. Born on March 10, 1901.

Family secret

A couple of weeks ago I wrote about finding things that surprised me while doing family research. This week's prompt is "family secrets." I haven't found any long-lost relatives on the Henrickson/Strand side. Yet. :) This is more of a surprise, and I guess it could be a secret too.

Something we often hear when people bemoan modern society is that no one stays married anymore. That back in "the good old days" people got married and stayed married forever. Celebrating 50 and 60 years of wedded bliss. That is false. People have been getting divorced since the beginning of time. It may not have been socially acceptable, and it may have been difficult if not at times impossible, but divorce has always been an option our ancestors had. I have found instances of ancestors getting divorced starting back in the late 1800's. Many times, there were no children involved, and the couple had only been married a year or two. The divorce that surprised me the most, though, was finding out that William and Mary Strandt had been divorced, back in 1917. 

William Strandt and Mary 'Matie" Elizabeth Pulsipher were married June 8, 1888. By all accounts William and Mary often struggled to make ends meet. William farmed, trained horses, and worked as a laborer. He also drank alcohol, often getting drunk. One time William got drunk and into an argument with oldest son, Carl. William ended up chasing Carl around the house with an ax. William also moved the family to Illinois to find better work, promised by other Strandt family members. The better work never showed up, so William moved the family back to Michigan. Upon moving back to Michigan is when Mary's uncle gave her the deed to the Strandt family farm, which was wisely placed in Mary's name.

Finally, on January 13, 1917, Mary filed for divorce from William. She alleged Cruelty as the reason for divorce. "Cruelty" could mean anything from William being unfaithful, to him being a drunkard, to him being physically and mentally abusive. It was probably a combination of all of the above. One of my research goals is to find the divorce complaint that Mary filed that would cite the reasons for cruelty. We know that William contested the divorce. I would also love to hear his reasons defending himself. According to a newspaper article from the time, there was not enough evidence to grant a divorce. The lawyers got together and came up with a plan where William was given machinery, money, and a chance to visit the children at certain times. A full divorce was granted to Mary on July 31, 1917. She was 40 years old, had 4 children at home, and no job, that we know of.

When I found the divorce record, at first I thought it must belong to another William and Mary Strandt. The more I investigated it though, the more I realized that it was my William and Mary Strandt. I had never heard any mention of Carl's parents getting divorced. I knew he had a feud with them, and with his siblings, but I had never heard of a divorce. My mother had never heard of a divorce either. So, this was a family surprise/secret. 

Now, I had heard the story of how Carl had fought with his parents over control of the farm so I wondered how that could have happened if William and Mary had been divorced? None of this was making any sense. I kept researching and then I found my answer. William and Mary HAD divorced, but then they had remarried.

On July 15, 1918, William and Mary Strandt remarried. They were married by J. Ford Stratten, Probate Judge. This record also confirmed that the William and Mary who divorced on July 31, 1917, were the same couple. According to the record, Mary was a housekeeper, which could have just meant that she kept house at home. Not that she was employed as a housekeeper. William was listed as a taxi driver living in Otsego.

William must've used the last year to try and win Mary back. I'm sure he said he was a changed man, maybe he offered to give up drinking? Either way, he got Mary to take him back. Not happy with the family reunification was oldest son, Carl. Carl and his father never seemed to get along and Mary taking William back was the last straw for Carl. Shortly after William moved back home, he and Carl resumed their fights. Carl moved out. The 1920 Federal census shows Carl working and living with a young couple as their hired hand. Later that year he would marry Mildred Bellinger and begin his own family. 

I don't see this so much as a family secret, but as, a family event not talked about. Something better not talked about.

If you have any information or can add more to William and Mary's divorce, or marriage and relationship, please add them in the comments below. You can also email me.

Also, as you can tell from the divorce ledger above, there were a lot of couple filing for divorce in 1917. Most of them were by women, but a few men filed too.